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honey/source/interpreter/interpreter.hon
T

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import "@std/mem"
import "@std/arraylist"
import "@source/ir"
import "@source/diagnostics"
Outcome :: struct {
value ir.Value = ir.Value{}
trap ?diagnostics.DiagnosticId = null
allocator ?mem.Allocator = null
owned_elements ?[]mut ir.Value = null
}
#! release an escaped aggregate with its retained allocator; scalar and trap outcomes need no allocation.
#! strings and array descriptors borrow the module, which must outlive this outcome.
deinit proc(outcome @mut Outcome) void {
if (outcome.owned_elements) |elements| mem.free(outcome.allocator?, elements)
outcome.owned_elements = null
outcome.allocator = null
outcome.value = ir.Value{}
}
@hide:file
Slot :: struct {
initialized bool = false
value ir.Value = ir.Value{}
}
@hide:file
GlobalStatus :: enum { uninitialized, initializing, ready }
@hide:file
GlobalState :: struct {
status GlobalStatus = .uninitialized
value ir.Value = ir.Value{}
}
@hide:file
Address :: struct {
type ir.Type
array_type ir.ArrayId = ir.no_array
cells []mut ir.Value
scalar ?@mut ir.Value = null
initialized ?@mut bool = null
}
@hide:file
Frame :: struct {
function ir.FunctionId
block ir.BlockId
next_instruction usize = 0
destination ir.ValueId = ir.no_value
global ?usize = null
locals []mut Slot
values []mut ir.Value
aggregate []mut ir.Value
addresses []mut Address
}
#! executes typed IR with invocation/global storage released on every exit.
#! array results own flat storage released by `deinit`; string IDs and shapes resolve through `module`.
run proc(
allocator mem.Allocator,
module @ir.Module,
diagnostic_store @mut diagnostics.Store,
) Outcome ! (mem.AllocError | diagnostics.CapacityError) {
entry ir.FunctionId := ir.FunctionId(0)
if module.entry |function| {
entry = function
} else {
return Outcome{ trap = module.entry_diagnostic }
}
globals :: try mem.alloc(GlobalState, allocator, module.globals.items.len)
defer mem.free(allocator, globals)
mem.set(globals, GlobalState{})
global_cells usize := 0
for (module.globals.items) |global| {
if (global.type != .array) continue
cells :: module.arrays.items[usize(global.array_type)].cells
if (cells > maxval!(usize) - global_cells) return .storage_limit_reached
global_cells += cells
}
aggregate_globals :: try mem.alloc(ir.Value, allocator, global_cells)
defer mem.free(allocator, aggregate_globals)
global_offset usize := 0
for (module.globals.items) |global, i| {
if (global.type != .array) continue
cells :: module.arrays.items[usize(global.array_type)].cells
globals[i].value = array_view(global.array_type, aggregate_globals[global_offset..global_offset + cells])
global_offset += cells
}
frames := arraylist.init(Frame, allocator)
defer {
for (frames.items) |frame| free_frame(allocator, frame)
arraylist.deinit(&frames)
}
try push_frame(allocator, module, &frames, entry, ir.no_value, null)
while frames.items.len != 0 {
frame_index :: frames.items.len - 1
function :: &module.functions.items[usize(frames.items[frame_index].function)]
block :: &function.blocks.items[usize(frames.items[frame_index].block)]
instruction_index :: frames.items[frame_index].next_instruction
if instruction_index == block.instructions.items.len {
terminator :: block.terminator
if (terminator.kind == .trap) return Outcome{ trap = terminator.diagnostic }
if (terminator.kind == .jump or terminator.kind == .branch) {
target := terminator.target
if (terminator.kind == .branch) {
condition :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(terminator.value)]
if (!condition.data.boolean) target = terminator.alternative
}
frames.items[frame_index].block = target
frames.items[frame_index].next_instruction = 0
continue
}
value := ir.Value{}
if terminator.value != ir.no_value {
value = frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(terminator.value)]
}
completed :: frames.items[frame_index]
# transfer leaves while the completed frame still owns its backing.
if completed.global |global_index| {
copy_value(&globals[global_index].value, value)
globals[global_index].status = .ready
}
if (frames.items.len == 1) {
if (value.type == .array) {
escaped :: try mem.alloc(ir.Value, allocator, value.data.elements.len)
memcopy!(escaped, value.data.elements)
value.data.elements = escaped
return Outcome{ value = value, allocator = allocator, owned_elements = escaped }
}
return Outcome{ value = value }
}
if completed.destination != ir.no_value {
copy_value(&frames.items[frame_index - 1].values[usize(completed.destination)], value)
}
_ = arraylist.pop(&frames)
free_frame(allocator, completed)
continue
}
instruction :: &block.instructions.items[instruction_index]
frames.items[frame_index].next_instruction += 1
value := ir.Value{}
match instruction.op {
.constant: value = instruction.constant
.load_local: {
local :: &frames.items[frame_index].locals[usize(instruction.slot)]
if !local.initialized {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .read_before_initialization, instruction.span)
}
value = local.value
}
.store_local: {
local :: &frames.items[frame_index].locals[usize(instruction.slot)]
copy_value(&local.value, frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)])
local.initialized = true
continue
}
.assign_local: {
local :: &frames.items[frame_index].locals[usize(instruction.slot)]
if (!local.initialized) {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .write_before_initialization, instruction.span)
}
copy_value(&local.value, frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)])
continue
}
.reset_local: {
frames.items[frame_index].locals[usize(instruction.slot)].initialized = false
continue
}
.load_global: {
global_index :: usize(instruction.slot)
match globals[global_index].status {
.ready: value = globals[global_index].value
.initializing: {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .initialization_cycle, instruction.span)
}
.uninitialized: {
try push_frame(
allocator,
module,
&frames,
module.globals.items[global_index].initializer,
instruction.destination,
global_index,
)
globals[global_index].status = .initializing
continue
}
}
}
.call: {
callee :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)].data.function
try push_frame(allocator, module, &frames, callee, instruction.destination, null)
# frame indices survive stack growth; pointers into frames.items do not.
for (0..instruction.arguments_count) |argument_index| {
argument :: block.arguments.items[instruction.arguments_start + argument_index]
local :: &frames.items[frame_index + 1].locals[argument_index]
copy_value(&local.value, frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(argument)])
local.initialized = true
}
continue
}
.array_literal: {
destination :: &frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.destination)]
offset usize := 0
for (0..instruction.arguments_count) |i| {
operand :: block.arguments.items[instruction.arguments_start + i]
element :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(operand)]
if (element.type == .array) {
count :: element.data.elements.len
memcopy!(destination.data.elements[offset..offset + count], element.data.elements)
offset += count
} else {
destination.data.elements[offset] = element
offset += 1
}
}
continue
}
.index: {
base :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)]
index :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.right)].data.unsigned
shape :: module.arrays.items[usize(base.array_type)]
if (index >= u64(shape.len)) {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .index_out_of_bounds, instruction.span)
}
value = indexed_value(module, base.array_type, base.data.elements, usize(index))
}
.address_local: {
local :: &frames.items[frame_index].locals[usize(instruction.slot)]
address := Address{
type = instruction.pointee,
array_type = instruction.array_type,
cells = &[],
initialized = &local.initialized,
}
if (address.type == .array) address.cells = local.value.data.elements
else address.scalar = &local.value
frames.items[frame_index].addresses[usize(instruction.destination)] = address
value = ir.Value{
type = .address,
data = ir.ValueData{ address = u32(instruction.destination) },
}
}
.address_global: {
global_index :: usize(instruction.slot)
match globals[global_index].status {
.initializing: return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .initialization_cycle, instruction.span)
.uninitialized: {
frames.items[frame_index].next_instruction -= 1
try push_frame(allocator, module, &frames, module.globals.items[global_index].initializer, ir.no_value, global_index)
globals[global_index].status = .initializing
continue
}
.ready: {}
}
global :: &globals[global_index]
address := Address{
type = instruction.pointee,
array_type = instruction.array_type,
cells = &[],
}
if (address.type == .array) address.cells = global.value.data.elements
else address.scalar = &global.value
frames.items[frame_index].addresses[usize(instruction.destination)] = address
value = ir.Value{
type = .address,
data = ir.ValueData{ address = u32(instruction.destination) },
}
}
.index_address: {
base_id :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)].data.address
base :: frames.items[frame_index].addresses[usize(base_id)]
index :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.right)].data.unsigned
shape :: module.arrays.items[usize(base.array_type)]
if (index >= u64(shape.len)) {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .index_out_of_bounds, instruction.span)
}
width :: element_cells(module, shape)
start :: usize(index) * width
address := Address{
type = instruction.pointee, array_type = instruction.array_type,
cells = base.cells[start..start + width], initialized = base.initialized,
}
if (address.type != .array) address.scalar = &address.cells[0]
frames.items[frame_index].addresses[usize(instruction.destination)] = address
value = ir.Value{ type = .address, data = ir.ValueData{ address = u32(instruction.destination) } }
}
.load_address, .store_address: {
id :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)].data.address
address :: frames.items[frame_index].addresses[usize(id)]
if address.initialized |initialized| {
if (!initialized^) {
code :: if (instruction.op == .load_address) diagnostics.Code.read_before_initialization else diagnostics.Code.write_before_initialization
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, code, instruction.span)
}
}
if (instruction.op == .load_address) {
value = if (address.type == .array) array_view(address.array_type, address.cells) else address.scalar?^
} else {
source :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.right)]
if (address.type == .array) memcopy!(address.cells, source.data.elements)
else address.scalar?^ = source
continue
}
}
.convert: {
operand :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)]
if (convert(operand, instruction.type)) |converted| value = converted
else return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .integer_overflow, instruction.span)
}
.negate: {
operand :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)]
if instruction.type == .float {
value = ir.Value{ type = .float, data = ir.ValueData{ real = -operand.data.real } }
} else {
if operand.data.integer == ir.integer_min(instruction.type) {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .integer_overflow, instruction.span)
}
value = ir.Value{ type = instruction.type, data = ir.ValueData{ integer = -operand.data.integer } }
}
}
.logical_not: {
operand :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)]
value = ir.Value{ type = .bool, data = ir.ValueData{ boolean = !operand.data.boolean } }
}
.add, .subtract, .multiply, .divide: {
left :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)]
right :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.right)]
if instruction.type == .float {
result f64 := 0
match instruction.op {
.add: result = left.data.real + right.data.real
.subtract: result = left.data.real - right.data.real
.multiply: result = left.data.real * right.data.real
.divide: result = left.data.real / right.data.real
else: unreachable
}
value = ir.Value{ type = .float, data = ir.ValueData{ real = result } }
} else if ir.unsigned_integer(instruction.type) {
result :: checked_unsigned(instruction.op, left.data.unsigned, right.data.unsigned)
if result |unsigned| {
if (unsigned > ir.integer_max(instruction.type)) return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .integer_overflow, instruction.span)
value = ir.Value{ type = instruction.type, data = ir.ValueData{ unsigned = unsigned } }
} else {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .integer_overflow, instruction.span)
}
} else {
result :: checked_integer(instruction.op, left.data.integer, right.data.integer)
if result |result_integer| {
if (result_integer < ir.integer_min(instruction.type) or result_integer > i64(ir.integer_max(instruction.type))) {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .integer_overflow, instruction.span)
}
value = ir.Value{ type = instruction.type, data = ir.ValueData{ integer = result_integer } }
} else {
return try runtime_trap(diagnostic_store, .integer_overflow, instruction.span)
}
}
}
.equal, .not_equal, .less, .less_equal, .greater, .greater_equal: {
left :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.left)]
right :: frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.right)]
result := false
match left.type {
.int, .isize, .i8, .i16, .i32: result = match instruction.op {
.equal: left.data.integer == right.data.integer
.not_equal: left.data.integer != right.data.integer
.less: left.data.integer < right.data.integer
.less_equal: left.data.integer <= right.data.integer
.greater: left.data.integer > right.data.integer
.greater_equal: left.data.integer >= right.data.integer
else: unreachable
}
.usize, .u8, .u16, .u32, .u64: result = match instruction.op {
.equal: left.data.unsigned == right.data.unsigned
.not_equal: left.data.unsigned != right.data.unsigned
.less: left.data.unsigned < right.data.unsigned
.less_equal: left.data.unsigned <= right.data.unsigned
.greater: left.data.unsigned > right.data.unsigned
.greater_equal: left.data.unsigned >= right.data.unsigned
else: unreachable
}
.float: result = match instruction.op {
.equal: left.data.real == right.data.real
.not_equal: left.data.real != right.data.real
.less: left.data.real < right.data.real
.less_equal: left.data.real <= right.data.real
.greater: left.data.real > right.data.real
.greater_equal: left.data.real >= right.data.real
else: unreachable
}
.bool: result = match instruction.op {
.equal: left.data.boolean == right.data.boolean
.not_equal: left.data.boolean != right.data.boolean
else: unreachable
}
else: unreachable
}
value = ir.Value{ type = .bool, data = ir.ValueData{ boolean = result } }
}
}
if instruction.destination != ir.no_value {
copy_value(&frames.items[frame_index].values[usize(instruction.destination)], value)
}
}
unreachable
}
@hide:file
push_frame proc(
allocator mem.Allocator,
module @ir.Module,
frames @mut arraylist.ArrayList(Frame),
function ir.FunctionId,
destination ir.ValueId,
global ?usize,
) void ! mem.AllocError {
signature :: &module.functions.items[usize(function)]
locals :: try mem.alloc(Slot, allocator, signature.locals.items.len)
errdefer mem.free(allocator, locals)
mem.set(locals, Slot{})
values :: try mem.alloc(ir.Value, allocator, signature.value_count)
errdefer mem.free(allocator, values)
aggregate :: try mem.alloc(ir.Value, allocator, signature.aggregate_cells)
errdefer mem.free(allocator, aggregate)
address_count usize :: if (signature.has_addresses) signature.value_count else 0
addresses :: try mem.alloc(Address, allocator, address_count)
errdefer mem.free(allocator, addresses)
for (signature.array_storage.items) |storage| {
cells :: module.arrays.items[usize(storage.array_type)].cells
value :: array_view(storage.array_type, aggregate[storage.offset..storage.offset + cells])
if (storage.local) locals[usize(storage.index)].value = value
else values[usize(storage.index)] = value
}
# typed IR assigns each temporary before use; only local slots need initialization flags.
try arraylist.append(frames, Frame{
function = function,
block = signature.entry,
destination = destination,
global = global,
locals = locals,
values = values,
aggregate = aggregate,
addresses = addresses,
})
}
@hide:file
free_frame proc(allocator mem.Allocator, frame Frame) void {
mem.free(allocator, frame.locals)
mem.free(allocator, frame.values)
mem.free(allocator, frame.aggregate)
mem.free(allocator, frame.addresses)
}
@hide:file
runtime_trap proc(
diagnostic_store @mut diagnostics.Store,
code diagnostics.Code,
span diagnostics.Span,
) Outcome ! (mem.AllocError | diagnostics.CapacityError) {
return Outcome{ trap = try diagnostics.add(diagnostic_store, code, span) }
}
@hide:file
checked_integer proc(op ir.Op, left i64, right i64) ?i64 {
minimum :: minval!(i64)
maximum :: maxval!(i64)
match op {
.add: {
if (right > 0 and left > maximum - right) return null
if (right < 0 and left < minimum - right) return null
return left + right
}
.subtract: {
if (right > 0 and left < minimum + right) return null
if (right < 0 and left > maximum + right) return null
return left - right
}
.multiply: {
if left > 0 {
if (right > 0 and left > divtrunc!(maximum, right)) return null
if (right < 0 and right < divtrunc!(minimum, left)) return null
} else if left < 0 {
if (right > 0 and left < divtrunc!(minimum, right)) return null
if (right < 0 and left < divtrunc!(maximum, right)) return null
}
return left * right
}
else: unreachable
}
}
@hide:file
array_view proc(shape ir.ArrayId, cells []mut ir.Value) ir.Value {
return ir.Value{ type = .array, array_type = shape, data = ir.ValueData{ elements = cells } }
}
@hide:file
copy_value proc(destination @mut ir.Value, source ir.Value) void {
if (source.type == .array) {
# aggregate destinations already own disjoint fixed segments; never install an alias.
memcopy!(destination.data.elements, source.data.elements)
} else {
destination^ = source
}
}
@hide:file
element_cells proc(module @ir.Module, shape ir.ArrayType) usize {
return if (shape.element == .array) module.arrays.items[usize(shape.element_array)].cells else 1
}
@hide:file
indexed_value proc(module @ir.Module, shape_id ir.ArrayId, cells []mut ir.Value, index usize) ir.Value {
shape :: module.arrays.items[usize(shape_id)]
if (shape.element != .array) return cells[index]
width :: element_cells(module, shape)
start :: index * width
return array_view(shape.element_array, cells[start..start + width])
}
@hide:file
checked_unsigned proc(op ir.Op, left u64, right u64) ?u64 {
match op {
.add: {
if (left > maxval!(u64) - right) return null
return left + right
}
.subtract: {
if (left < right) return null
return left - right
}
.multiply: {
if (right != 0 and left > divtrunc!(maxval!(u64), right)) return null
return left * right
}
else: unreachable
}
}
@hide:file
convert proc(source ir.Value, target ir.Type) ?ir.Value {
result := ir.Value{ type = target }
if (target == .float) {
if (source.type == .float) result.data = source.data
else if (ir.unsigned_integer(source.type)) result.data = ir.ValueData{ real = f64(source.data.unsigned) }
else result.data = ir.ValueData{ real = f64(source.data.integer) }
return result
}
if (source.type == .float) {
real :: source.data.real
# Guard the conversion itself before testing narrower bounds; NaN fails
# ordered comparisons, and the upper 64-bit bound is exclusive.
if (ir.unsigned_integer(target)) {
if (!(real > -1.0 and real < 18446744073709551616.0)) return null
integer :: u64(real)
if (integer > ir.integer_max(target)) return null
result.data = ir.ValueData{ unsigned = integer }
} else {
if (!(real >= -9223372036854775808.0 and real < 9223372036854775808.0)) return null
integer :: i64(real)
if (integer < ir.integer_min(target) or integer > i64(ir.integer_max(target))) return null
result.data = ir.ValueData{ integer = integer }
}
return result
}
if (ir.unsigned_integer(source.type)) {
integer :: source.data.unsigned
if (integer > ir.integer_max(target)) return null
if (ir.unsigned_integer(target)) result.data = ir.ValueData{ unsigned = integer }
else result.data = ir.ValueData{ integer = i64(integer) }
} else {
integer :: source.data.integer
if (ir.unsigned_integer(target)) {
if (integer < 0 or u64(integer) > ir.integer_max(target)) return null
result.data = ir.ValueData{ unsigned = u64(integer) }
} else {
if (integer < ir.integer_min(target) or integer > i64(ir.integer_max(target))) return null
result.data = ir.ValueData{ integer = integer }
}
}
return result
}